Fluid-operated tool



Feb. 24, 1931. E. F. TERRY, .JR

FLUID OPERATED TOOL F'l'ed OGt. 26, 1928 @alla i immuun. 's

5 Sheets-Shea?V 1 Feb. 24, 1931.

E. F. TERRY, JR

FLUID OPERATED TOOL 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 26, 1928 awo? mm1 Feb. 24, 1931. E. F. TERRY, JR

FLUIDA OPERATED TOOL Filed oct. 26. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 .Q2 if Patented Feb. 24, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE y i EDWARD F. TERRY, JB., OF DIEllNl'V'JR` ('JOiLiOllayADO,` ASSIGNOR '130 GARDNER-DENVER COM- PANY, DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORATION OE DELAWARE FLUID--OPERATED TOOL Application led October 26, 1928.

The present invention relatesto tools of the type in which a hammer piston is employed and an automatic valve for controlling the distribution of the Huid to the piston.

One ot the objects is to provide a novel structure that is exceedingly compact without enlarged protuberances on the cylinder or barrel, and in which the length ofthe tool is reduced over-that of the ordinary tool.

it is now common practice to introduce lubricant tor the tool into the motive fluid prior to` its introduction into the tool. t has been found that under some circumstances this lubricant will `accumulate in the valve' mechanism, usually located at the rear end of the tool and that consequently the ychuck structure and associated parts do not get their share. i

AA further and important object is to so locate the valve mechanism that a more equable disposition of the lubricant throughi tributing valve and Vthe line 41 out the tool is insured.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure' 1 is a View in elevation of the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 2-2 oi' Figure 1.-

Figure 3 is a cross sectional View on the line SMS ci Figure 2.

Figure l is a det-ail cross sectional View on Bof Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a front elevation of therear end wall disk.

Figure 6 is a rear elevation of the same.`

Figur-e 7 is a sectional view on the line 7--7 ot Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a detail sectional view on the line 8-8 of Figure 2.

Figures 9 and 10 are longitudinal sectional views diagrammatic in character and illustrating the 'dilerent positions of the dispiston during the opera tion' of the tool.

Figure 11is a detail View of the distributing valve and indicating the form of its surraces.

In the embodiment disclosed, a cylinder member is employed, preferably in the form of an open-ended barrel 12 having an internal annular shoulder 13 in its rear endportion.

Serial No. 315,286.

In said end portion and abutting the said shoulder 13 is a rear end Wall disk 14. `F itting into the rear end Wall of the barrel 12` i and in rear of said disk 14 1s a rear head 15.

head 21 of a rifle bar 22 that extends through the disk 14 and into the barrel. The ratchet head 21 is provided with spring-pressed pawls 23 cooperating with the teeth 24: of a ratchet ring formed by the inner end of the head 15. The rear side of the end Wall disk 14.- is pro vided with a circular groove 25 that is in communication with the groove 17 of the rear head through the space between the ratchet head 21 of the rifle bar 22 and the ring 1G,

so that motive fluid may ilow freely to said` groove 25.

At the front end of the barrel is a chuck structure. This preferably comprises the following elements. A bushing 26 is fitted into the front` end of the barrel and has a flange 27 abutting against the end of the barrel. Abutting against said flange is a hous ing 28 in which is a rotary chuck member 29. This member receives the lugged shankBO ot a steel or other tool that is turned upon the rotation of the chuck 29, as is Well understood. In front of said chuck 29 is a retaining collar 3l located in the housing 28. A chuck driver sleeve 32, suitably inter-locked with the chuck 29, extends rearwardly into the bushing 26 and is provided in its rear end with a nut 33.

The rear end of the bushing 2G and the i end wall disk 14 form between them in the barrel 12 a piston chamber 3ft. In this chamber is a reciprocatory hammer piston having a hammer extension 36 slidably inter-fitted with the nut 33 of the driver sleeve 32 and adapted to hammer upon the rear end of the drill shank 30. This piston is chambered at 37 to receive the rifle bar 22, said rifle bar being slidably interitted in the usual manner with'a nut 38 located in the rear end of the piston 35. yThe rear end portion or' the-bushing 26 is 'provided withv an annular external' groove 39 sageways46 that extend from the rear groove chamber 39 at a point spaced from the pasy sageway 47 and said passageway 49 opens into- 25 of the end wall disk 14 tosaid groove or distributing valve chamber 39 and thus motive fluid can freely enter said chamber 39.

Extending'from said valvechamber 39 is al distributing passageway 47 formed in one of the Y other ribs, as 44, and said vpassageway opensginto an annular chamber 48 formed in the inner side of the end wall disk 14. Thus Y motive iluid can iow from the distributing valve chamber 39 to the rear endet the piston chamber 34.k rlhe other rib 42 has a distrib-v uting passageway 49 opening from the valve the front portion ot the piston ehamberj34. Said piston chamber has between its ends an exhaust port 50 open to atmosphere.

The distribution of motive fluid Vis controlledby a transversely disposed automatic oscillatory andv arcuate valve designated generally by the reference number 51. This valve is held in place by a pin 52 passing through its center, the opening 53 tor the pin being shaped to permit said valve'tov rock.A

rlhe valve is substantially in fthe form ot crescent with its opposite horns or wings tapering and the end portions thereof adaptedto respectively move to and from positions over the ends ot the passageways 47 and 49 to alternately close the same. The valve has I the inner face, as 54, of one horn and the outer face, as 55, ofthe other horn or wing struck from a common axis, as indicated in Figure l1, and likewise the inner tace 56vot1said Y other horn 'or wing and the outer vface 57 ot the irstmentioned horn or -wing are struck on the same axis, buty dilerently located from the axis of the other described'surtaees. The formation is such'that the inner faces 54 and 56 correspond to the curvature of the rib 49 formed on the bottom ot the chamber 39, said valve being wider than said rib as shown in Figures 9 and 10, so that the motive fluid can gain access behind the wings thereof.

f l1`he outer surfaces 55 and 57 of the wings of the valve correspond in curvature to the Vrear end. of the tool and pass by way of t curvature oi the inner surfaces of the barrel and consequently t snugly againstthe same, so as to definitely close the passageways 47 and 49. e Y.

he operation of the apparatus is substantially Vas follows. h/Iotive ifiuid, suitably charged with vaporized oil, will enter the he groove 17, chamber 25 and passageways 46,

to the distributing lvalve chamber Vor groove' 39.y Assuming the piston 35 in a position to open the exhaust port 50to one end ot the piston chamber 34, the motive luid will flow through either `one ot the passageways 47 or 49, and thus cause the valve torock to close said passageway, as for instance 47 in Figure 3. rllhe other passageway 49 is thus opened and consequentlyA the motive fluid will i'iow through said passageway 49 into the front end of the piston chamber 34, as indicated inv Figure 9, thereby driving the piston rearwardly. Gn vits rearward movement the piston 35 will close the exhaust 50 and thereupon begin to build up pressure behind it and compress the liuid. rlhis compression will extend through the passageway 47 so thatby the time the piston approaches the rear vend of its stroke a sufficient pressure will be built up upon the wing 54 of the valve to rock said valve from the position shown in Figure 3 to a reverse position. The result is that the passageway 49 to the front end or" the piston chamber now becomes closed and the aassageway 47 to the rear end ot' the piston chamber is opened. Thereupon motive fluid will flow from the valve chamber 39 through said passageway 47 into the iearend of the piston chamber and drive the piston forward ly. On this movement pressure is built up in the front end oiE the piston chamber 34 after the exhaust port 50 is closed by the piston and by the time the piston reaches the frontend of its stroke, a sutlicient pressure is built up in the passageway 49 to rock the vali-fe back to the position 'shown in Figure 3, whereupon a repetition otv the above described operation will take place.

By housing the valvein the chuck structure, the overall length of the tool is materially reduced and furthermore there are no enlargements of greatk size on the exterior ot the barrel, the ribs 43 and 44 being relatively ,small and forming seats between them for the side bolts. An exceedingly compact structure is thus provided. Further than this, it will be noted that as the automatic valve constitutes a device that to a measurable extent distribution of the lubricant throughout the tool.

From the foregoing, it is thought that` the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be aplparent to those skilled in the art without i further description and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor detalls of construction may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any cf' the advantages ci the invention.

What I claim, is:

` 1. A fluid operated tool including a cylinder barrel, a bushing fitted into one end of `the barrel and having a valve chamber, a tool chuck fitted into the bushing, a piston in the barrel having a hammer extension that operates in the bushing and on a tool placed in the chuck, and an automatic valve in the chamchamber of the bushing for distributing mo-` tive fluid to the barrel to operate the piston.

3. A fluid operated tool including a cylinder barrel, a bushing fitted into one end of the barrel, and having a valve chamber, a tocl chuckfitted into the front end of the bushing, a piston in the barrel having a hammer extension that operates in the rear end cf the bushing and on a tool placed in the chuck, an automatic valve in the chu'ck chamber for distributing motive liuid to the barrel to operate the piston, and means connected to the rear end of the cylinder barrel and including a passageway in the barrel for directing mctive fluid to the valve chamber.

4C. A fluid operated tool including a barrel having spaced longitudinally disposed ribs on its opposite sides and a piston chamber, a rear head, a front chuck structure; side boltsconnecting the head and chuck structure and clamping the same to the barrel and located between the ribs, a piston in the piston chamber, and means for distributing motive fluid to the piston chamber to actuate the piston including passageways formed in the ribs.

5. A fluid operated tool including a barrel having spaced longitudinally disposed ribs on its opposite sides and a piston chamber, a rear head, a front chuck structure, side bolts securing the head and chuck structure together and clamping the same t-o the barrel and located between the ribs, a piston in the piston chamber, an automatic distributing valve in the `chuck structure, motive fluid supply passageways formed in certain of the ribs and leading to the valve, and distributing passageiwayslleading fromk the" valve thrcuglt the" ribs i to the end'so the piston chamber to deliver actuatingffluidft'o the piston; i y

6. A fluid operated` tool includinglabarrel having af pistonchamber,a rear head for the barrel, an endl` wall member in1 the barrel at the inner end of the rear head,a chuck structributingvalve, and distributingpassageways leading fromlthe valve to the ends of the piston chambe1`=, one of said passageways cxtending through said end` Wall member.

7a A fluid loperated tool including a barrel` having a piston chamber, a rear head forthe barrel, an end Wall member in the barrel at the inner end oftherear head, having grooves in itsfrcnt and rear sides, a chuckstructure at the front end of the barrel,.a piston inthe piston lchanibcr, an automatic distributing valve in the front end of the barrel, a` motive fluid supply passageway extending from the rear groove of the end wall member to the distributing valve, and distributing passage- Ways leading from the valve tothe ends of the piston chamber, one of said passageways extending to the front groove of the end wall member. i

8. A fluid operated tool including a` cylinder member having; apistonchamber and a piston in the chamber, a distributing `valve chamber partially `sin-rounding' the piston,`

passageways leading from thevalvechamberl te the end portions of the piston chamber,` but in spaced relation to the endl Walls thereof to` create compression pockets in the ends of'.` the piston chamber, and a curved oscillatory valve locatedtransversely ofand within the cylinder member and having a. piv` otal` mounting between itsends and having wings that alternately cover the passageways, said passageways when open directing motive fluid from the valve chamber to the piston chamber and when closed directing fluid compressed by the piston at the ends of' its stroke against the wing of the valve that closes such passageway to swing the valve. open said passageway and close the other passageway. i

9. A fluid operated tool including a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston operating in the piston chamber, a valve chamber in the front p'ortion of `the cylinder member and extending transversely about the cylinder member andi piston, an oscillatory distributing ,valve located longitudinally in the valve chamber', and passageways for the motive fluid between the valve chamber and piston chamber controlled by said valve.

l0. A fluid operated tool including a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reeiprocatory piston operatinggin the piston chamber, a fitting in the front' end of the cylinder member having an annular groove forminga valve chamber, means for supplying motive luid to the'groove-chamber, distributing 'passagevvays leading from thegroove-chamber to vthe piston chamber, and

an automatic'oscillatory distributing valve v inthe groove-chamber controlling the distributing passagevvays.y 11. A fluid operated tool including a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciproeatory pistonoperating in the piston chamber, `a i'ttingin the 'front end ofthe cylinder. inember vhaving anl annular groove -forming a valve chamber and extending about the piston, means for. supplyingmotive iiuid to the groove-chamber, distributing passageways leading from .the groove-chamber to the piston chamber, anda substantially arcuateA automatic distributing valve having a rocking mounting between its ends and having said ends controlling the distributing nassageways.

'L .12.' A fluid operated tool, including aicylinderniember. having. a piston chamber and a piston located in the'piston chamber, a: litting in the ycylindermember having an annular lgroove forming a transversely disposed valve chamber with curved inner andoutenwalls, means for supplying motive fluid to the valve chamber, distributing passageways leading 'from' the valve chamber at'spaced points to` the end portions olf the-piston chamber, and a substantially crescent shapedvalve mounted on thevalve chamber between the distributing 'pasageways and having the inner and outer faces of its curved ends corresponding at least substantially to the curved inner, and outer Walls of lthe valve chamber. Y 13.v A fluid loperated tool, including a barrel having a piston chamber, a rear head for the barrel having a fluid. supply means, an end Wall disk in the barrel in advance of the rear head, and having a rear chamber connected with the iluid supply means, a chuck structure at the front end of the barrel including' a bushing fitting in said barrel and having an annular groove forming a distributing valve chamber, a passageway leading from the dislrchamber to the groove, distributing passageivays leading from spaced points in the groove to the end portions of the piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, and an oscillatory arcuate distributing valve having a rock-er. mounting in the groove bet-Ween the passagevvays, and having its ends adapted to alternately close said passageways. Y

in testimony whereof, I affix-'my signature.

s EDWARD F. TERRY, JR. 

